Keywords:
HITL, artificial intelligence, decision making, automation, ethics
Abstract
The Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) model proposes the insertion of human judgment at specific moments in the operation of automated systems with artificial intelligence (AI), offering a layer of control and security. Given the concern about the total autonomy of these systems—still limited in their understanding of social and ethical contexts—HITL emerges as an alternative to make them safe and reliable in sensitive decisions. This research sought to understand how HITL can contribute to an equally efficient and safe supervision of automated systems, as well as to identify limitations, benefits, and practical applications of this approach from an ethical and security perspective. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. A systematic literature search was conducted, selecting articles from the Google, Google Scholar, and CAFe Portal platforms, focusing on human interaction in decision-making processes mediated by intelligent technologies. The results reveal that HITL is already applied in areas such as social media moderation, image labeling for autonomous cars, and support for medical diagnoses, scenarios that require subjective decisions. Advantages were identified, such as greater reliability, but also limitations related to scalability, data privacy, and ongoing training costs. It is concluded that HITL offers a balance between technological autonomy and human intervention.
Author Biographies
Elisa de Souza Senra Lopes Batista, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo campus São Paulo
Undergraduate student in Industrial Production Management
Ismael Correia Costa, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo - São Paulo Campus
Undergraduate student in Industrial Production Management.
Ridnal João do Nascimento, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo - São Paulo Campus
Master of Science from IPEN-USP, specializing in Human Resources and holding a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the Higher School of Business Administration / ESAN (Fundação Educacional Inaciana Padre Saboia de Medeiros (FEI)). He works as a tenured professor at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, São Paulo Campus, teaching Management courses focused on strategic planning and administration, production planning and control, logistics, human relations at work, marketing, organization and methods, and scientific work methodology; currently, he coordinates the Industrial Production Management Technology course at the São Paulo Campus. He has experience in public administration, where he worked as an administrator for over a decade at the state and federal levels; in the private sector, he worked mainly in: production management; business consulting, logistics, and insurance consulting. Participation in research groups: - Leader of the Study and Research Group - Production planning and control in the environment of business networks - registered in the CNPq group directory (dgp.cnpq.br/dgp/espelhogrupo/2980419792302215). - Member of the research group - Grupo Decide - FEA/USP (Group of students and professors working in research and teaching in the area of ??decision-making in organizations) - registered in the CNPq group directory (dgp.cnpq.br/dgp/espelhogrupo/3199145474765643).
Samuel Barauna Santos, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo - São Paulo Campus
Undergraduate student in Industrial Production Management.
Sandra Silveira Ferreira, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo
Master's degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Taubaté - UNITAU, Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Technology-Projects from the Faculty of Technology of São Paulo - FATEC-SP, currently a Professor at the Federal Institute of São Paulo - IFSP in Engineering courses, previously taught at the Faculty of Technology - FATEC, in the subjects of Mechanical Technical Drawing II and III, Manufacturing Processes II. Has 15 years of experience in the industrial field as a Machine Design Drafter using CAD/CAE/CAM tools, especially SOLIDWORKS, for the creation of Assembly Drawings, Detailing, Manufacturing Drawings, Parameterization, Project Tables, material specifications, standardized components, and topics related to the manufacturing technology of various equipment, especially Heat Exchangers and Pressure Vessels for the Chemical and Petrochemical Industry, knowledge of ABNT, ASME, ISO, AWS, and PETROBRAS standards.
Vanderley Alves, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo - São Paulo Campus
Undergraduate student in Industrial Production Management.
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How to Cite
Batista, E. de S. S. L., Costa, I. C., Nascimento, R. J. do, Santos, S. B., Ferreira, S. S., & Alves, V. (2025). HUMAN-IN-THE-LOOP (HITL): An approach that integrates human participation into artificial intelligence and automation systems. Revista Para Graduandos Instituto Federal De Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia De São Paulo - Campus São Paulo - REGRASP, 10(4), 84–90. https://doi.org/10.47734/regrasp.v10.04.p84-90
Section
Edição Especial - X EICPOG 2025
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